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Money Management


There are a number of excuses for ignoring the concept of budgeting for one’s own personal finances. Budgeting has a poor reputation. It’s not fun, it’s time-consuming, it’s depressing.

While budgeting can be one of the most important steps for beginning a journey towards financial independence, there’s a tendency to ignore this in favor of jumping into the stock market, saving for retirement, paying off debt, or even prescribing to the belief that owning a house is big positive step. These are certainly all good things to do, but understanding how much money you have coming in and where that money needs to go is basic knowledge that can help you better determine how you can invest, save, and pay off debt.

There is no way you can take on the responsibility of owning a home without a working knowledge of your income and expenses.

The ideas preventing people from starting a budgets are generally psychological or emotional, and not based on a lack of knowledge. Adults generally grasp the concept that you can only spend more than you have and that breaking this rule will have damaging long-term consequences. In shorter time frames, it’s harder to see these consequences. After all, you can sustain living on credit cards for some time, but eventually, you’ll have to pay the money back or face dire financial problems setting you back years. And just because someone can grasp the concept of additional and subtraction — the only necessary mathematics for budgeting — doesn’t mean they’re ready to consciously apply it to their own finances.

Getting over these psychological barriers is the first step, and that’s not going to come with more knowledge about a topic. There are some tricks to overcoming psychological barriers that I’ll write about in the future.

I often see budgets missing certain important categories, which indicates that even once people begin the process of tracking, predicting, and controlling their income and expenses, there are some holes in the plan that could end up damaging financial progress as much as neglecting the process of budgeting.

When is budgeting most important?

Budgeting is always important, but the benefits you gain from budgeting have more of an effect on your finances in certain situations.

  • If you’ve never created a budget before, budgeting has a high chance of being able to improve your finances. You will see things you never saw before regarding your spending. The little expenditures you may not notice on a day-to-day basis show up when you start to look at your spending in detail, and budgeting allows you to better control those money leaks.
  • If you don’t know if you’re getting richer each month, you have a budgeting problem. If you don’t know if your net worth is increasing each month, you need to start tracking your finances. That’s the purpose of the Naked With Cash series on Consumerism Commentary.
  • If you know you’re not getting richer each month, you are spending more than you’re earning. You’ll need to find a way to increase your income, decrease your expenses, or a mixture of both, and budgeting helps you figure that out. Keep in mind that growing your bank accounts is not the only goal in life. In fact, it’s not a real goal at all. But we are talking about growing your wealth, which should fit into a broader long-term strategy for your life.
  • If you are underpaid, you may be facing pressure to live a certain way that seems to be required within your community of peers, but you may not be able to afford that life as well as it appears others are affording it. If you work in an industry where image is important, you’re going to need to make sacrifices, and budgeting is the only way you can get started.
  • If your income is unpredictable, you should assume a very conservative starting point for your budget. If you work on commission or if your job is tied tightly to the state of the market of your industry or the economy as a whole, your income may be more at risk than someone with a steady salary in a recession-proof (or recession-resistant) job. Budgeting will make sure you’re setting aside money during the booms to help cover the lean times during the busts.
  • If you are going through a career change, you may be faced with a different income scenario. When I first started working out of college, I faced the problem of earning a salary for the first time. I didn’t really know what to do with it, and I didn’t really know how much I had for myself after taxes and required expenses. After I sold a business and could no longer count on the revenue, I faced a sharp reduction in my monthly cash flow. Both situations forced me to eventually evaluate or reevaluate my spending situations.
  • If you are going through a life change, you may have new concerns that require placement within your budget. If you’re getting married, getting divorced, having children, or sending your children off to college, you’ll be faced with new spending realities. You’ll have more or fewer mouths to feed, and more or less income to help meet your obligations.

The above situations make budgeting a priority, but budgeting is important for anyone in any situation. Whether you use a software program, mobile application, or a pen and paper, the visualization that’s possible once you start budgeting provides a fresh look at your finances, helps you plan your spending so you can smooth out any bumps in the path towards financial independence, and gives you greater control over an important part of your life.

What inspired you to start budgeting? Or if you don’t use a budget, why not?

Photo: Flickr

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This week should have been a vacation.

It has been, for the most part, but not entirely. While I’ve traveled occasionally over the past few years, and even chosen destinations meant for relaxation and time alone with loved ones, I haven’t had one of those fabled true vacations. My cell phone was still near by. I still took business-related calls. I still wrote for Consumerism Commentary every day, participated in discussions, and replied to emails, every day while not home.

Perhaps working for myself is a benefit and a curse — I make my own schedule but I feel compelled to take care of my responsibilities, at least some of them, even when I should b allowing myself to forget about work.

I had planned to change that this week. After visiting my family in southern California, a week-long detour to San Francisco with my girlfriend should be something to keep me away from working. We’re having a great time, but without enough planning in advance and with other business-related responsibilities requiring my attention, it hasn’t been the complete escape from reality I had in mind.

While my own vacation may not be a true escape, my financial attentiveness has seemed to have been more successful at leaving the world behind. In the past two days I discovered I made some annoying errors with the management of my accounts.

1. I didn’t verify Wells Fargo closed my old business accounts.

A year after I sold most of my business, I finished up accounting and began the process of closing my business bank accounts. At least, I thought I did. I visited my local Wells Fargo branch in January to close my old accounts and open new accounts for my new business. The banking representative at the branch transferred the residual balances out of the accounts, and I thought I had taken care of everything.

When I checked my account online this month, I noticed the old, supposedly-closed accounts were still listed, and I had been charged a monthly maintenance fee. By transferring my balances out, I was left with an account with a zero balance, below the minimum balance required to avoid monthly fees. Because the accounts were still in existence, for whatever reason, I was charged this small fee, and my account balance had dipped below zero.

I called the bank’s customer service department for business accounts late one night recently. They were able to see that the accounts should have been closed in January. The bank kindly reversed the monthly fee that should never had been charged, and we both verified that the accounts were now closed.

At the same time, I forfeited the six cents of interest that had accumulated in my business savings account during the month of January. Had I wanted to transfer that remaining balance to my personal account, it would have taken another day and another phone call. I quickly decided it wasn’t worth the effort.

I wasn’t able to avoid all fees. After I took care of the above problem, I realized that I had been charged a small monthly maintenance fee in my new business account. When I created the new accounts for the business, I discussed with the representative in the branch the requirements for avoiding monthly service charges. The account I chose requires either a $150 recurring automatic transfer or a minimum average daily balance of $500. This is where my memory becomes hazy: I thought the representative set up the recurring transfer for me.

My mistake was mot verifying this after the fact. When I noticed my mistake, I transferred cash into the business account to cover the minimum average daily balance requirement, but not without incurring one monthly service charge.

2. I didn’t have a large enough balance in my Capital One 360 checking account to cover my credit card payment!

My finances used to be simple: my income was deposited from various sources into a business checking account, an amount was transferred to a personal account to represent my paycheck, and this amount would cover my expenses each month, most of which are paid on a credit card that earns miles.

My financial situation has changed, and I use different accounts now. That means I have to remember to fund my personal checking account with the right amount each month. And I’ve allowed myself to keep my finances automated for so long that I might forget these tasks. Chase, as one would expect as the credit issuer, makes things difficult.

  • My automatic credit card payment bounced, which I knew before Chase “knew.” It took a day or two for Chase to recognize that the automated payment would not go through.
  • In that interim period, I wanted to make the full payment from a different account — a checking account held at Chase, which had already been linked to my credit card for use as a payment method. Chase would not permit me to make the full payment because if the first, automated payment had gone through, the remaining balance on my credit card would only include charges since the last bill, and Chase doesn’t let credit card users “overpay” their bills. In my case, it wouldn’t be an overpayment because I knew the automated payment would not go through, but Chase didn’t “know” that yet.
  • Once Chase recognized the response from Capital One 360 rejecting the automated payment request, I was able to schedule a new payment. I had already scheduled a smaller payment to cover the charges since the last bill, but I wanted to make sure my card balance was paid in full as soon as possible. Chase, for an unknown reason, does not allow two payments within three days of each other. I say the reason is unknown, but I know there is a purpose — to ensure that situations like these don’t happen without Chase earning some money in interest or late fees.

While these recent events haven’t cost me much money in the long run, it has been a wake-up call. In my attempts to simplify my finances, and due to the reduction of my need to look at my accounts on a daily basis, I’ve let certain things slip. I’ve taken too much of a vacation from managing my finances in a responsible manner.

Years ago I warned about the dangers of automating your finances. I set up a good system, and it worked for me well until my circumstances changed and I began throwing wrenches into the works without making sure everything was still working properly, like a well-oiled machine. The damage wasn’t excessive, but it was annoying, so now it’s time to re-evaluate my financial system, make changes and enhancements to make sure nothing falls through the cracks, and begin, once again, monitoring my money a little more closely.

Mistakes happen to everyone. It could be worse; a small-time writer like myself who pays a few extra fees is nothing compared to a financial planner, popular author, and columnist for The New York Times who lost a his house. At the risk of seeping into alliterative reductionism, the best approach to take when facing unfavorable outcomes is to accept, analyze, and adjust.

With these financial fires extinguished, I can get back to enjoying my vacation in San Francisco despite the occasional turn to a focus on business while everyone else is asleep.

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This is a guest article by personal finance expert, Beth Kobliner. Beth is a member of the President’s Advisory Council on Financial Capability and the author of Get a Financial Life: Personal Finance in Your Twenties and Thirties.

Drinking, smoking, bullying… talking about them with your kids is hard enough. But a new survey shows parents would rather tackle any of those sticky subjects than say the F word: “finances.”

Keep thinking you’ll talk dollars and sense when the kids get older? It may be too late. Research shows that parents are the number one influence on young people’s financial behavior, and that kids barely out of diapers can learn basic concepts about money. Even if you think you’re saying nothing about your finances, your kids are still picking up lessons from the way you shop, save, and behave.

Now there’s a brand new online interactive tool to help parents talk the talk. It’s Money as You Grow, which I helped to develop as a member of the President’s Advisory Council on Financial Capability. Parents can use these 20 age-appropriate lessons and corresponding activities to change kids’ financial behavior for the better. Great for kids age three to 23!

I encourage you to take a few minutes to explore the entire site, which is full of tips for kids of all ages. But for now, here are a few ways to get started:

Preschoolers: You may have to wait before you can buy that toy!

Delayed gratification is the most important lesson you can teach your tykes. The approach for a three- to five-year-old can be super simple. Here’s one idea: As the school year comes to a close, explain to your child that just like she waits for summer vacation, sometimes she has to wait to buy something she wants. Research shows that kids with good self-control are likelier to be financially secure adults, but this lesson is fundamental to overall success in life. A famous 1960s study showed that kids who were able to delay gratification by waiting to eat a marshmallow in front of them had fewer behavioral problems, lower stress, stronger friendships, and even higher SAT scores!

Middle-schoolers: Credit cards can be risky!

To a kid, a credit card can seem like free money. Mom hands over a piece of plastic in the checkout line and, like magic, she gets to take home bags of groceries. But by ages 11 to 13, a kid should know that if you don’t pay off your credit card bill in full every month, you’ll be charged interest and owe more in the long run. Try this: Say the family needs a new computer or is planning a vacation. After you buy the computer or plane tickets, shock your son with the numbers. Head to the Credit Card Repayment Calculator at federalreserve.gov to show him how long it would take — and how much extra you’d owe in interest — if you paid off a $1,000 debt by making only the minimum monthly payments. You’d pay more than $800 in interest over eight years! Explain that if you used cash, paid your bill in full, or made more than the monthly payment (even $20 more a month), you’d be able to avoid such a high fee.

Editor’s note: CardRatings, Consumerism Commentary’s sister website, also offers a credit card payoff calculator.

High-schoolers: You better shop around—for college!

The nation’s collective student loan debt recently passed the $1 trillion mark. Ouch! College is a terrific investment — grads earn almost twice as much as people who didn’t go to college — but that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t shop around. You don’t want your new college grad to have to survive on peanut butter! Money as You Grow points the way to several excellent resources for comparing and cost-cutting, but start the conversation by telling your son or daughter how much you can afford to contribute to tuition and expenses each year. Then, use the CFPB’s Paying for College Cost Comparison Worksheet to compare the costs of a few schools, and determine which one represents the best investment.

If you use Money as You Grow with your kids, I’d love to hear how it goes! Please share your feedback with me in the comments section below or send me a tweet at @BethKobliner.

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In the Berkshire Hathaway 2010 Annual Report, Warren Buffett shared a letter from his grandfather to his uncle’s family in 1939, and the advice contained within the letter formed the basis of Berkshire Hathaway’s commitment to weathering any financial storm.

I can’t say if the idea of an emergency fund was novel in 1939, but the advice contained within the made enough sense to Warren Buffett that the idea stuck with him and helped to form his philosophy for operating his business. Here’s the letter, scanned and included in the annual report to shareholders.

Warren Buffett Emergency Fund $1,000 Letter

Warren Buffett’s grandfather, Ernest, owned a grocery store, and as a business discovered the importance of having cash available immediately in the event that it is needed to keep the business running. The letter also emphasizes the idea of assisting future generations, but not with so much money that those within the younger generation do not become self-sufficient. The $1,000 provided with the letter in 1939, and provided with similar letters to other family members as Buffett discovered in 1970, is equivalent to about $15,500 today due to inflation. This is a significant emergency fund and a significant gift, something that might only be possible when the giver has experienced his own financial success.

Berkshire Hathaway holds about $10 billion in cash, which helps its company survive even the toughest financial setbacks. With the company invested heavily in the insurance industry, the Katrina hurricane and flooding resulted in an unexpected $3 billion loss. The company survived thanks in part to its cash reserves.

Taking this advice to the personal level, the attitude towards cash reserves passed from one generation to the next is a great model for managing the finances of a family or individual, not just a business. Despite the opportunity cost when you figure money held in cash could be more effective invested to earn a greater return or used for paying off debt to reduce interest expenses, holding cash where it is accessible in the event it is needed on short basis can save a family’s finances from collapsing.

An emergency fund of $15,500 could mean a big difference for a family, and a patriarch provided this security in addition to the lesson about management is a great example for the financial discussions families should be having today.

Hat tip to @ramit for pointing out the letter.

Berkshire Hathaway 2010 Annual Report

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Take Control of Your Finances

by Luke Landes

This series explorers the concrete steps anyone can follow to take control of your finances. Many years ago, I felt like I was a victim of circumstances. Bad things, like job losses, apartment losses, and debt — even my girlfriend leaving me — were other people’s fault, a result of the world around me. I ... Continue reading this article…

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Unexpected Income: What Should You Do With a Windfall?

by Kelly Whalen

This article is presented by Kelly Whalen, Consumerism Commentary staff writer, who hosts a weekly internet show called the ¢entsible show. Unexpected income is a problem many people would love to have, but it happens more frequently than people realize. Whether it’s a $20 birthday check from your eighty-something grandmother or a raise, there are ... Continue reading this article…

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Be Financially Proactive

by Jeff

Before I got married, I was never really vocal about problems I had with companies. If the food I ordered at a restaurant was the wrong order, I usually wouldn’t say anything. If I had extra fees in my checking account at the end of the month, I’d chalk it up to coincidence and think ... Continue reading this article…

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CNN Will Grade Your Financial Health

by Luke Landes

CNN is featuring a short survey to help you determine your level of financial health. The result is presented in a form of a grade from F to A+. My result was an A; I lost points for not having any life insurance. The survey does not ask if there are any dependents. Right now, ... Continue reading this article…

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Helping Your Parents With Their Finances

by Luke Landes

About the author: Jeff Rose is a Certified Financial Planner™ and co-founder of Alliance Investment Planning Group. He is a veteran of Operation Iraqi Freedom, having served in the National Guard. His blog, Good Financial Cents, covers financial planning and investment related topics. As a kid, there’s no greater comfort in having your parents there ... Continue reading this article…

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Your Recession Budget

by Smithee

Many of us are going to be faced with tough decisions this year, and probably next year. We might even have to grapple with “how do I get these creditors to stop calling me?” or “well, where do I live now?” If owning a home is the American Dream, then being homeless is surely the ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 8: Set Savings Targets

by Luke Landes

Last week, I wrote about the importance of setting real life goals in order to take and maintain control of one’s own financial condition. It’s important to break past the idea that a life goal is based on money. For example, entering retirement with $4,000,000 is a good target, but it’s not a major goal. ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 5: Build a Better Budget

by Luke Landes

This is the next installment in a series at Consumerism Commentary about taking control of your finances. Please consider subscribing to the Consumerism Commentary RSS feed for updates. It’s no secret that budgeting is a chore. Although this piece of personal finance carries an ugly reputation, even a simple form of budgeting will help you ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 4: Use High-Yield Savings Accounts

by Luke Landes

This is the next installment in a series at Consumerism Commentary about taking control of your finances. Please consider subscribing to the Consumerism Commentary RSS feed for updates. If you’re on your way to spending less than you earn, then you’re going to need a good place to put your excess income. Even before setting ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 3: Spend Less Than You Earn

by Luke Landes

This should come as no surprise to Consumerism Commentary readers or anyone who has spent time reading anything relating to basic money management advice. Once you’ve decided to improve your financial condition and spent some time tracking your spending, you may have come to the conclusion that your situation declines each month because you’re allowing ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 2: Track Your Money

by Luke Landes

After deciding that it’s time to get a handle on your finances, find a way to accurately track the way you handle everything involving money. Before deciding to take action, you may have estimated your income and expenses, but now the details matter. Here is how to get to the details. Every cent is important ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 1-D: Decide to Take Action

by Luke Landes

After viewing yesterday’s income and expense report for an imaginary person, Dan observed astutely: … The one area that I don’t see is for a persons IRA, 401K, or ESPP. When is that money taken out or where/how is it assigned? It isn’t like you can say that you had a net income so you ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 1-C: Make Accurate Predictions

by Luke Landes

Now that you’ve taken an inventory of your finances and determined your net worth, I can tell you that the number is meaningless. Well, there is a point to your net worth, but it’s not the most important number to your finances. Your net worth tells a very small part of the story that defines ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 1-B: Take an Inventory

by Luke Landes

An acquaintance of mine formerly owned a store that sells “country” products like hand-crafted wood furniture, candles, and decor inspired by rural living. Twice a year, she recruited family members and friends to help take an inventory of the entire store. This process involved many hours of walking throughout the building and counting items on ... Continue reading this article…

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Take Control of Your Finances Part 1-A: Become Aware

by Luke Landes

Who are you? For any one human being, the number of answers to this question approaches infinity. There are many aspects that are included in the definition of self. The most common response is to answer with the collection of sounds used to nominally identify yourself: “I am Joe.” Our names, generally given to us ... Continue reading this article…

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Managing Your Money Vs. Micromanaging Your Money

by Luke Landes

When first attempting to gain some control over your finances, it’s particularly helpful to micromanage. If your money is in a state of disarray due to spending more than you’re earning, then it’s helpful to look at every little expense, at least for a time. This will help give you a more accurate picture of ... Continue reading this article…

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