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Whether you agree with it or not, the reason this country has supported programs like welfare, Social Security, the GI Bill, food stamps, Medicare, government-backed mortgages, FEMA insurance, and other social programs is because a modern society benefits when as many citizens as possible have opportunities to succeed financially. Social programs aren’t perfect and don’t always provide what they promise, and there’s always a small percentage who take advantage of the system.

The push-and-pull between the focus on the society and the focus on the individual existed even before the founding of the nation, and this particular Weeble that wobbles between left and right without falling down (yet) has allowed the United States to become the biggest economy in the world in a relatively short period of time, and that’s a good thing.

From an individual perspective, it might not be that intuitive that one needs to be concerned about the “very poor.” After all, with social safety nets, one might think that the “very poor” have little to worry about. Regardless of the existence of programs — both public and private — poverty is still an issue in this country, even if you don’t see it in your daily life as you shuffle in an office building from meeting to meeting or shuttle from city to city on business trips. It’s hard to be concerned about something if you aren’t faced with it every day.

If, however, you are concerned about the “very poor,” there are ways to help, even if you don’t believe that handouts are effective. The most popular rationalization for not caring about poverty is the idea that helping another individual teaches complacency rather than responsibility, interdependence rather than independence. The incorrect assumption is that families in destitute situations have no desire to work for their money like those who have built wealth for themselves and have earned the right to let their money do the work for them and receive income from dividends and interest rather than working in the middle-class and working-middle-class sense of the word.

The real problem is tied into that psychology 101 concept I turn to repeatedly, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. If most waking minutes in your day are spent worrying about your shelter, your food, and having a safe place to sleep, “income mobility” is a fantasy. You’re a victim of “class warfare,” but in your reality, you don’t have time or energy for political arguments about class warfare.

If you are concerned about the very poor, there are options. Helping bring attention to poverty can form provide opportunities to those without them without much sacrifice from those with opportunities.

  • Give money directly to organizations that run programs focusing on providing opportunities. The top-rated charities focusing on poverty according to Charity Navigator are Direct Relief International (although International is in the name, they also work to eliminate domestic poverty, particularly in disaster-stricken areas), SOME (So Others Might Eat, focusing on the D.C. area), and the People’s Resource Center (based in Chicago). If you prefer to give a hand-up rather than a hand-out, focus on organizations that provide job training and placement, programs that expand the reach of educational opportunities, and programs that present positive financial role models.
  • Volunteer with the organizations that run these programs. Build houses. Build schools. Help at a food bank. When you are actively involved, you get to experience the results of your work much more closely than if you were to send a check every month. No, you won’t get a tax deduction for volunteer work, but that’s not the point.
  • Become a community leader. When people from poor communities manage to succeed financially, they often don’t return to be the role model their community needs. This is the reason financial illiteracy is a problem that will continue from generation to generation, keeping low socio-economic status communities from thriving.

Are you concerned about the very poor? Does paying your taxes and being satisfied with existing social safety nets relieve you from any other possible responsibilities for how the country fares as a whole? Do we even have any responsibilities to anyone other than ourselves and our families?

Related: Here’s how you might be able to avoid poverty for your family. Also, could you survive at the poverty line?

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Reflecting on My 2011 Goals

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A little less than a year ago, I mentioned that 2011 would be the year that everything changes. It’s a phrasing that I borrowed from Torchwood, but it was relevant for me as well as to the television program’s concept. I’ll have more to say about this year’s changes later.

At the time I created my goals for the year, it was difficult to predict how well my business, primarily the operation of Consumerism Commentary, would perform. I had just left my day job to work for myself full-time. It was a decision that I had been considering for several years, once I realized that running a website could be a profitable way to live. On reflection I should have made this change several years ago, as my business has long been able to sustain my finances. I first accepted this fact a few years ago when I moved the nicer apartment in which I live now. It’s not expensive, but it would have been unaffordable with just my day job income.

Even after this, it took several years for me to be comfortable with the idea of relying solely on that revenue. I knew I was in a risky business, and the ability to generate revenue from advertising was shown to be even riskier a few months later.

Without much warning, several other personal finance bloggers lost up to 80 percent of their revenue when the nature of the visitors to those websites changed. Some websites, on the other hand, were unharmed or even benefited, but the risk was never eliminated. When I created my goals and resolutions for 2011, I had risk in mind, but perhaps not as much risk as I should have. Nevertheless, looking back at the past year’s success, one might conclude I was much too conservative.

Income

At the end of last year, I remained conservative when planning for income changes in 2011. I would consider 2011 successful if I increased my income by $100,000 for the year. I exceeded this goal in 2011.

Net worth

I recognized net worth would be difficult to predict when I designed these goals last year. It would be far too dependent on my income, and to a lesser extent, the stock market. I ended the year with about $538,000 on my balance sheet. Calculated using the same method which includes the income generated by the business but does not include the value of the business, I was able increase this number beyond my goal. I will be more specific when I look at my end-of-year balance sheet. I far surpassed my conservative goal of increase my net worth by $275,000.

Investments

At the end of last year when I created these goals, I focused on retirement. As a business owner, it’s hard to know exactly what retirement may mean. When you work for a corporation, it’s easy to fall into the usual expectations for retirement, working for a set number of years until retirement age, leaving your work behind at that time to move to Florida and begin collecting benefits from the government and distributions from your retirement accounts. Working for myself, and particularly working in a business where the future could change at any moment, it’s harder to define what life would be like many years in advance.

Nevertheless, I set the conservative goal of saving 10 percent of my income for retirement. I was able to maximize my contribution to an Individual 401(k) throughout the year while investing regularly in a taxable investment account. Although, I spent only a small percentage of my income each month with no major purchases throughout the year, much of what I have saved is not necessarily designated for retirement, nor is it invested at all.

A couple weeks ago, I met with a Certified Financial Planner from Vanguard Flagship Services, and I have a strategy in place to invest for the medium and long term that’s appropriate for my particular financial situation.

Savings

As I mentioned above, having an aggressively increasing income paired with only modestly increasing expenses helped me build my net worth and my savings this year. With some aspects of my life in flux this year, I decided it was not yet a good time to settle down and purchase a house. This is a decision that is about more than finances. The decision to buy a house, for me, depends on long-term plans for family and career, and these are aspects of life I have not quite yet determined. When I renewed my lease on my apartment in central New Jersey this past summer, I paid for the option to break the lease without penalty at any time, thinking I might have other aspects of my life sorted out before it was again time to renew in 2012. There is still time left.

Savings goals other than a house still rely on other decisions in my life, including whether to have children.

Charity

Throughout the year, I’ve been contributing to my charitable gift fund, a donor-advised fund at Fidelity, that gives me the flexibility to grant gifts to non-profit organizations throughout the year. In the past, I’ve given to a program at my undergraduate university and the non-profit organization I used to work for. This year, I also added a local arts organization to my list.

Photography

As we get beyond the purely financial goals and resolutions, it’s easier to see where I’ve failed. I planned on finding ways to make photography a larger part of my life this year. I’ve enjoyed photography throughout my life, though it’s never been a core passion of mine. That has started to change over the past few years, and I’ve taken several classes to improve my craft. I wanted to dedicate some time every month to gaining more experience, particularly with portraiture. Unfortunately, the success of my business has come at the cost of not being able to dedicate as much time to this endeavor as I would have liked.

Professional photography is not the right choice for me. I would never want to photograph a wedding, and that seems to be the basic income-generating activity for most freelance photographers. I’d prefer to ignore the business aspect of photography completely and focus on creating images I would enjoy. While I didn’t have the time to dedicate to this in 2011, I’m looking at ways to restructure my life to make this more of a possibility in 2012.

Personal health

My health has been on my mind all year. Most likely a result of not having a large lunch in a corporate cafeteria almost every weekday, I’ve lost about five pounds this year. I’m not significantly overweight to start with, but I was definitely not at my ideal weight. I didn’t meet my goal of losing fifteen pounds, so I still have more to lose. The exercise I was getting one year ago was interrupted by a major snow storm from December into January, and it killed my momentum for some time. A few months ago, I joined a gym, and recently travel interrupted my progress.

Getting exercise seems to be more successful with assistance and motivation from a partner, and that’s something I just don’t have right now. All of the above are clearly excuses. The only motivation that matters comes from myself, and if I’m serious about getting into shape and losing weight, I just need to do it.

From a financial perspective, it would be hard to call 2011 anything but a success, but with a broader view I haven’t done much to change my life for the better this year. If 2011 was the year for focusing on my business, 2012 will be the year to focus on myself. In a few days, I’ll post a year-end look at my finances which will include numbers and other details, and after that, I’ll present my goals and resolutions for 2012.

Did you reach your goals and complete your resolutions for the year?

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When I first read the news about alleged Good Samaritans and Secret Santas paying off Kmart customers’ layaway accounts, the cynical side of my mind took over. What a great marketing maneuver for K-Mart. With mystery lay-off angels, they are saying, “Buy your gifts on layaway here, an action that could very well be profitable for us. There’s a chance someone will pay off your layaway account — but no promises.”

The press Kmart has received both in social media and in mainstream news has been significant. How can you not think that this movement, which seems to be tied almost exclusively to one particular retailer, is not an inside initiative? It also strikes me as odd that in many of the cases I’ve read about, the mystery helpers do not pay the accounts off in full. They leave a small amount left in the account for the customers to pay.

My cynicism is probably an overreaction, at least in most cases. I may be overreacting to the idea that Kmart needs whatever help in the press in can get. To illustrate what the experience of having your layaway account paid off by a stranger might look like, here is a personal account of what happened in one store:

… A young father wearing dirty clothes and worn-out boots stood in line at a layaway counter alongside three small children. He asked to pay something on his bill because he knew he wouldn’t be able to afford it all before Christmas. Then a mysterious woman stepped up to the counter.

“She told him, ‘No, I’m paying for it,’” recalled Edna Deppe, assistant manager at the store in Indianapolis. “He just stood there and looked at her and then looked at me and asked if it was a joke. I told him it wasn’t, and that she was going to pay for him. And he just busted out in tears.”

Before she left the store Tuesday evening, the Indianapolis woman in her mid-40s had paid the layaway orders for as many as 50 people. On the way out, she handed out $50 bills and paid for two carts of toys for a woman in line at the cash register.

“She was doing it in the memory of her husband who had just died, and she said she wasn’t going to be able to spend it and wanted to make people happy with it…”

KmartWhy are these generous people targeting almost exclusively Kmart? Many other stores, like Walmart, Best Buy, Sears and Toys-R-Us, offer layaway programs. It’s this association with one particular retailer that has my public-relations radar pinging.

Kmart as a business entity has been financially troubled for some time. Any press is good press, and charity-infused press is great press. Anything that drives people to shop, including the idea that a mystery individual will cover the rest of your layaway payments, can help the company survive.

Perhaps Kmart is singly targeted because of its history. This particular retailer has offered and profited from layaways consistently for decades, and Kmart is perhaps the one store most associated with this type of purchasing plan.

These acts of charity are coming too late to inspire a shopper to take a chance by initiating a new layaway plan in time to receive the gifts in full by Christmas. There is a small chance that someone might come in and make the payment, but is it worth the risk?

Let’s say you want to buy gifts at Kmart with a total value of $250. With the 8-week layaway plan, you would need to pay $26 today and four bi-weekly payments of $58. Assuming you follow through, you won’t be able to take home the gifts before Hanukkah or Christmas, and you will have spent $8 more than today’s advertised prices. If, however, someone pays the remainder of your layaway account before the end of the week, you would have received $250 in gifts after paying only $26. I would further assume that this charity will not continue after the holidays, so there is even a lower probability of a Secret Santa paying off layaway accounts after Christmas. If you give up paying after the end of the week because you were hoping for charity rather than planning to pay for the items in full, you’ll have sunk only $26 into a purchase you’d never receive.

In other words, it’s an expensive lottery.

Tom Dziubek, podcast host and producer and extraordinaire, and I were discussing this story. He mentioned that reading about the charity of fellow humans inspired him to remember to complete his own charitable contributions. The spirit of giving is infectious. Some Kmart shoppers who have been the beneficiaries of good will have done the same for other layaway customers, and people who read positive stories are inspired to do other good deeds.

This holiday season, I’ll leave my cynicism behind. Perhaps these random acts of kindness are not part of a marketing scheme. Perhaps the are simply the result of charitable individuals not associated with Kmart. Perhaps the media isn’t complicit with promoting one retailer over another. Just this once.

Like this article? Visit Consumerism Commentary and “like” this website on Facebook.

Photo: robertstinnett
Detroit Free Press

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As the end of the year approaches, take a break from stressing about the holiday season by getting your personal finances in order. It’s a great time to finish your charitable contributions and adjust your 401(k) contribution. It’s also better to fund your IRA now than it is to wait until the April deadline. You can also use this time as an opportunity to adjust your investment portfolio.

Having a hands-off approach to investing is an acceptable strategy. Over the long term, a diversified portfolio of stocks has historically grown in value enough to build wealth, but only over long periods of time. Advisers, especially those who appreciate the low-cost advantages of using index funds rather than actively-managed mutual funds or stocks, have generally said to invest now and leave your investments alone without too much tampering.

BalanceSome tampering is required, though. Even if you like the set-it-and-forget-it approach to investing, each year you should evaluate your financial needs, goals, and risk tolerance to ensure you’re still invested in the most effective way. There are two goals when rebalancing your portfolio. First, if your underlying investment approach needs to change, you can reflect your new needs in how you distribute your investments between stocks, cash, and other asset classes. Also, rebalancing gives you the opportunity to lock in gains in one asset class while taking advantage of lower prices in another.

Evaluate your goals and needs against your reality

There are circumstances where your investing approach might need to change. If you’ve been investing 10% of your income every year in stocks and no other investments, you are accepting a certain level of risk. If one of your family members suddenly becomes ill and needs expensive care, you might find that you now have a larger chance of needing the money you’ve been saving for retirement in the near future. Suddenly, having your wealth tied into volatile assets is riskier than you can afford.

In another example, you might have inherited an investment. If this changes your financial situation, you may find that you no longer need an annual return of 8% to reach your financial goals. You could accept less risk and lower returns, and this could be reflected in your investment strategy by moving away from stocks into less volatile investments like bonds.

Look at your entire investable net worth

Your 401(k) plan might have an option to periodically automatically rebalance your portfolio based on your preferences. Rebalancing in general, whether automated or not, is a good way to lock in gains and take advantage of lower prices, particularly in a tax-efficient account where you don’t need to pay the government anything as a result of your gains. For example, in a basic scenario, you might have chosen to invest 60% of your portfolio in stocks and 40% of your portfolio in bonds. If stocks have a great year, they might have increased in value to represent 65% of your portfolio, leaving 35% for bonds. Without changing anything, you now have a riskier profile than you intended.

Rebalancing will allow you to sell the 5% of your portfolio, invested in stocks, and use the proceeds to buy more bonds, moving your profile back to 60% stocks and 40% bonds. You’re selling high and buying low, precisely the type of investing strategy that has a good probability of succeeding over the long term.

If you set your initial investment and risk profile with just your 401(k) in mind, you might not be considering outside investments like IRAs and taxable investment accounts. Take a holistic approach, looking at your entire investment portfolio, including how much cash — money market funds or savings accounts — you have. When rebalancing, you should take your entire financial picture into account. This is a reason automatic rebalancing options in 401(k) plans are not always sufficient.

Photo: Cherice

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Year End Reminder: Fund Your IRA Now

by Flexo

These last few weeks in December present a good time to prepare your finances for the coming year. My personal goal is to start January 1 on a good note, moving my life forward. In the grand scheme putting your finances in order takes a back seat to cleaning up your life as a whole, ... Continue reading this article…

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PayPal Makes Accepting Charity Difficult

by Flexo

Around the holidays, for-profit companies see an opportunity to do something charitable, even though they’re not technically registered non-profit organizations. The concept reminds me of college. I was in my university’s marching band, and we frequently traveled as a group to performances. At the end of the trips, someone on the bus collected money from ... Continue reading this article…

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Year End Reminder: Donate to Charity

by Flexo
Charity Box

The year is quickly coming to a close, and the first priority for many people right now is getting through the holidays with as little stress as possible. Focusing solely on the holidays at the expense of your household’s financial needs can only add to stress later, so it might help to get a few ... Continue reading this article…

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Steve Jobs: The Billionaire Next Door

by Flexo
Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs may not have been as wealthy as his arch-nemesis Bill Gates, but after his successes with Apple and Pixar, he was one of the world’s richest men. Forbes recently listed Jobs as 39th on the Forbes 400, a list of the richest people in America, with a net worth of $7 billion. The ... Continue reading this article…

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