The federal government can only operate with the help of the millions of individuals who earn income in this country and dutifully pay taxes. You would think that, in order to ensure a smooth revenue stream of considerable size, the IRS would make filing taxes as easy and painless as possible. That’s obviously not the case, considering the tax code is one of the most confusing human inventions on the planet today. The IRS does ensure that filing federal tax returns is completely free for millions of Americans with the help of a select number of software companies, provided the taxpayer meets a few eligibility requirements. If you can file your federal taxes for free, do so. There’s no point in spending unnecessary money.
If your taxes are complicated, and you require a professional to review or complete your forms, or you require some features not available in the free editions, then go ahead and pay for software or pay a professional. For the cast majority of Americans, free e-filing is a great option.
Starting with the most popular software companies, here are the best options for filing your taxes for free. I’ve updated this list for 2011 returns filed in early 2012. The deadline is April 17, 2012.
TurboTax Online. TurboTax tops the list because they are fast to adjust to tax law changes, it’s part of a large company that has a strong reputation for personal finance, and there is a large user community for peer-to-peer support. The TurboTax Freedom edition is free for e-filing if any of these criteria apply to you:
- Your adjusted gross income (AGI) is $31,000 or less, or
- You are active military with an AGI of $57,000 or less, or
- You qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
I’ve used TurboTax in the past, and here is a TurboTax Online review as of the latest version of the software. For 2011 returns filed in 2012, TurboTax has lowered the maximum AGI for filing for free, reducing the availability of the program. If you live north of the border, you’ll need to access TurboTax Canada.
H&R Block. H&R Block’s primary business is in seasonal storefronts where taxpayers can bring their financial documentation into a specialist to work through the forms in person. The company also offers the “At Home” filing service for those who like the do-it-yourself approach. While the company normally charges for federal tax filing, if you use the At Home service and meet the following condition, you can e-file your federal taxes for free.
- Your adjusted gross income (AGI) is $57,000 or less, and
- You are age 52 or younger
Here is my review of H&R Block’s software, updated recently to reflect the changes since last year. H&R Block has also lowered the maximum AGI, but to a lesser degree than TurboTax has, and because the IRS has stipulated that $57,000 be the maximum AGI, though companies are free to set a lower maximum. In other words, this is the highest maximum allowed by the IRS.
Free TaxAct. When TurboTax was no longer free for me, and before moving to an accountant to handle my business, I was still able to e-file for free using TaxAct. TaxAct doesn’t have the brand strength or the large community of the two above software services, but the calculations are correct and the system that guides you through your calculations is just as complete. You can e-file your federal taxes for free using Free TaxAct if the following conditions apply.
- Your adjusted gross income (AGI) is $57,000 or less, and
- You are between the ages of 19 and 55 inclusive
eSmart Tax powered by CompleteTax. To e-file for free, your AGI must be less than $57,000 and you must be age 52 or younger.
TaxSlayer. TaxSlayer offers free e-filing for taxpayers with an AGI of $57,000. You must be age 25 or younger, be active in the military, or be eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit in order to qualify for free federal e-filing.
Other free e-filing options are limited by the state in which you live in addition to other limitations similar to those above.
The deadline is approaching fast, and maybe taxpayers wait until the last possible minute to file. I suggest starting as early as possible, once you have all the information you need, to ensure you don’t encounter any delays or glitches. I have never heard of there being any software problems at the last minute, but it’s better to be safe than owe penalties to the government.
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