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Whether you agree with it or not, the reason this country has supported programs like welfare, Social Security, the GI Bill, food stamps, Medicare, government-backed mortgages, FEMA insurance, and other social programs is because a modern society benefits when as many citizens as possible have opportunities to succeed financially. Social programs aren’t perfect and don’t always provide what they promise, and there’s always a small percentage who take advantage of the system.

The push-and-pull between the focus on the society and the focus on the individual existed even before the founding of the nation, and this particular Weeble that wobbles between left and right without falling down (yet) has allowed the United States to become the biggest economy in the world in a relatively short period of time, and that’s a good thing.

From an individual perspective, it might not be that intuitive that one needs to be concerned about the “very poor.” After all, with social safety nets, one might think that the “very poor” have little to worry about. Regardless of the existence of programs — both public and private — poverty is still an issue in this country, even if you don’t see it in your daily life as you shuffle in an office building from meeting to meeting or shuttle from city to city on business trips. It’s hard to be concerned about something if you aren’t faced with it every day.

If, however, you are concerned about the “very poor,” there are ways to help, even if you don’t believe that handouts are effective. The most popular rationalization for not caring about poverty is the idea that helping another individual teaches complacency rather than responsibility, interdependence rather than independence. The incorrect assumption is that families in destitute situations have no desire to work for their money like those who have built wealth for themselves and have earned the right to let their money do the work for them and receive income from dividends and interest rather than working in the middle-class and working-middle-class sense of the word.

The real problem is tied into that psychology 101 concept I turn to repeatedly, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. If most waking minutes in your day are spent worrying about your shelter, your food, and having a safe place to sleep, “income mobility” is a fantasy. You’re a victim of “class warfare,” but in your reality, you don’t have time or energy for political arguments about class warfare.

If you are concerned about the very poor, there are options. Helping bring attention to poverty can form provide opportunities to those without them without much sacrifice from those with opportunities.

  • Give money directly to organizations that run programs focusing on providing opportunities. The top-rated charities focusing on poverty according to Charity Navigator are Direct Relief International (although International is in the name, they also work to eliminate domestic poverty, particularly in disaster-stricken areas), SOME (So Others Might Eat, focusing on the D.C. area), and the People’s Resource Center (based in Chicago). If you prefer to give a hand-up rather than a hand-out, focus on organizations that provide job training and placement, programs that expand the reach of educational opportunities, and programs that present positive financial role models.
  • Volunteer with the organizations that run these programs. Build houses. Build schools. Help at a food bank. When you are actively involved, you get to experience the results of your work much more closely than if you were to send a check every month. No, you won’t get a tax deduction for volunteer work, but that’s not the point.
  • Become a community leader. When people from poor communities manage to succeed financially, they often don’t return to be the role model their community needs. This is the reason financial illiteracy is a problem that will continue from generation to generation, keeping low socio-economic status communities from thriving.

Are you concerned about the very poor? Does paying your taxes and being satisfied with existing social safety nets relieve you from any other possible responsibilities for how the country fares as a whole? Do we even have any responsibilities to anyone other than ourselves and our families?

Related: Here’s how you might be able to avoid poverty for your family. Also, could you survive at the poverty line?

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The financial industry has been mostly static for centuries, with companies doing business and offering services not much different from how the companies operated for earlier generations of consumers. When there is innovation in the industry, it generally comes from smaller companies and entrepreneurs looking to fill a need that isn’t covered by larger, less flexible entities.

While today’s start-up companies are changing how customers interact with their money, most of these small business owners have the ultimate goal of selling their businesses to larger, more established companies who will then incorporate these new services if the start-up companies cannot become industry leaders without help. In the mean time, start-ups compete for funding from a growing community of investors in the industry.

Here are ten customer-facing personal finance start-up companies that could help change the way consumers interact with money. Some have already been thriving for a few years, while others are new to the industry. These are not in any particular order.

BrightScope

BrightScope401(k) plans are tough to evaluate from the plan descriptions and prospectuses offered by plan administrators to employees. Employees can’t always choose the best investment options for them due to limitations by plan administrators. Additionally, plan administrators often change available investment options and automatically transfer employees’ money from one fund to another without sufficient notification to the investors.

BrightScope lets employees evaluate their company’s 401(k) plan. If, for example, you have two job offers and you’re comparing compensation, you can take the quality of the 401(k) plan into account by researching these companies. Each company receives an overall rating as well as scores in important categories including total plan cost, company generosity, and participation rate. You can directly compare each company with its industry peers.

BrightScope

The above image shows the overall rating for MetLife. For comparison with other companies in its industry, MetLife’s score of 73 is below Morgan Stanley’s 83.8.

LendingClub and Prosper

LendingClub LogoAs technology advances, it brings manufacturers and customers closer together, often eliminating the need for companies that stand in between, adding to the cost of products and services. In some ways, the financial industry is a “middle man.” Banks take deposits in the form of savings and checking accounts, and turn that money around and lend it to individuals and businesses in need of capital. Peer-to-peer lending companies like LendingClub and Prosper take deposits out of the process; lenders can choose borrowers and lend money directly or invest in a group of loans packaged as an investment product with measured risk.

State regulations prevent peer-to-peer lending from being available to all United States citizens, and the primary concern is that customers who may not be able to take advantage of loans from a bank turn to these options where they can be charged nearly-usurious rates. For many people, however, peer-to-peer lending has provided a solution that banks have been unable to fill, whether for borrowers or investors.

Jemstep

JemstepFor your investments that are not locked in a 401(k) with limited options, like your personal IRA or your taxable investment account, the variety of mutual funds and ETFs available is staggering. And unless you work with an unbiased financial planner, it can be difficult to choose the investments that will give you the best chance of making the most of every dollar you invest.

Jemstep is like an unbiased investment adviser with an immense set of data available to help you make investing decisions. You can create a profile for yourself that reflects your attitudes about investing. Most online investment recommendation engines stop at risk and time profiles, but Jemstep goes much further. You can decide how important fees are, whether you’re looking for actively managed funds or index funds, and whether potential tax plays a role in your investing decisions.

After calibrating your profile, Jemstep can evaluate your current portfolio and offer investment suggestions that are better suited to you.

Today, Jemstep announced it completed its Series A round of financing. Start-up companies look for funding from outside sources to grow their businesses before the business generates enough revenue on its own to finance its own operations. In total, Jemstep has raised $10.5 million from early investors in order to fund product development and hire employees.

HelloWallet

HelloWalletThere’s a need for consumers to better manage their own personal finances. Over the last decade, this has been the realm of software like Quicken and Microsoft Money, but the latter has disappeared from the market and the former is increasingly seen as an outdated piece of software. In recent years, a number of companies had been developing personal finance management software for a new generation, incorporating mobile options and focusing on reporting and trending rather than reconciliation, though the depth offered could not compete with Quicken. Many of these companies have disappeared, and the apparent winner, Mint.com, was purchased by Intuit, the makers of Quicken.

HelloWallet has emerged as a new competitor for Mint.com, but while Mint.com is now free, HelloWallet charges users a fee of $8.95 per month. For the fee, you can be sure that the recommendations you receive are unbiased — companies and products do not pay HelloWallet for advertising placement within the service. The goal of HelloWallet is focused more on overall financial advice than tracking. Mint.com has moved in this direction, as well, however.

Dwolla

DwollaMerchant account service is a big business rules by large companies. Each time you swipe your credit card or debit card, a number of companies get paid in addition to the retailer from which you’re buying a product or service. Small business that need to operate on tight profit margins to compete with larger businesses suffer in these situations, because a larger proportion of their revenue is dedicated to paying these fees.

PayPal entered the marketplace and attempted to shake up the industry, offering a new way for retailers to accept credit card payments and for individuals to initiate person-to-person payments without the help of a bank. Dwolla has taken this model and, rather than relying on linked credit cards, has found away to put the focus on cash. The cash focus could be more financially responsible for a large percentage of customers.

Dwolla charges lower fees and allows users to send cash from person to person or to pay for a purchase using your phone. Customers can transfer payments using e-mail, the web, or social media applications within Facebook and Twitter. By default, the $0.25 fee is paid by the store or the recipient, though the individual initiating the payment can change this option. Transactions less than $10 are free.

SecondMarket and SharesPost

SharesPostThe buzz today is about Facebook’s imminent initial public offering (IPO) of stock. Soon, Facebook will be a public company, and investors will be able to trade shares of the company in a liquid stock exchange. For most people, this will be the first opportunity to invest in Facebook, a company that has grown significantly over the last few years. Of course, those who own part of the company already, like early and current employees, will see the biggest benefit after an IPO, assuming the company continues to grow.

You don’t have to be an employee to own and trade shares of Facebook, however. Two companies have specialized in creating a market between a small number of common or preferred shareholders — usually employees but also capital funds — with the wider audience of investors. I signed up with SharesPost (review here) last year to gain access to Facebook shares.

Occasionally, SharesPost holds an auction of shares held by investors who wish to liquidate their holding for the best price, and investors interested in buying can participate in the auction by naming the amount of shares they’d like to purchase and the price willing to pay. If there’s a match, SharesPost handles the transfer of shares. Surprisingly, the share price for Facebook’s Class B common stock has been stable over the past year, particularly given the volume of trading is significantly lower than it would be on an open market. The price has moved from $33 to $34 per share. It will be interesting to see how the stock performs on the open market.

SecondMarket is similar to SharesPost in that it creates a market for financial products that don’t have an accessible exchange for trading. With SecondMarket, you can trade public equity, fixed income and bankruptcy claims in addition to private shares.

Google Wallet and mFoundry

Google WalletWith technology changing quickly, smaller companies are able to jump on new technology. Google is not exactly a smaller company, but the company’s development operations function like a start-up. Google also has the size to buy smaller companies with innovative ideas early in their development. Google Wallet, however, was developed in-house. New technology in mobile phones makes it easier to transmit information securely in close range, and retailers are using that technology to accept payments without swiping a card. An application stores credit card information, and when a receiving device is in range and the consumer initiates the transaction, his or her device sends the information securely to the retailers.

As more mobile devices incorporate this NFC technology, contactless transactions will continue to increase. This was a hot topic in the media several months ago, and I explained why Google Wallet would not catch on as quickly as people were predicting. Today, Google Wallet is still limited to using only Citi MasterCard credit cards or Google’s own reloadable debit card.

There’s a smaller company that has seemed to penetrate this market deeper from Google. Among mobile payments, mFoundry works with banks and credit unions to develop their own applications based on the company’s technology. I’ve focused on start-up companies that face the public rather than other businesses in this article, but mFoundry does both. Mobile banking has a long road to becoming a mature and ubiquitous service, but it’s these companies that will help bring the innovative services to consumers and bigger financial institutions.

There are many other personal finance start-up companies worth mentioning, but I limited this list to ten across a broad spectrum of personal finance to keep this article interesting and not too long. If you feel I’ve missed something substantial, please feel free to share your thoughts in the discussion area below this article.

Normally, I do not allow business spokespeople to promote their companies in the comments on Consumerism Commentary, but as long as it’s relevant, I’ll allow short comments intended to note companies looking for broader exposure in the personal finance space, but I still reserve the right to edit, moderate, or delete promotional content.

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Cash Back Rewards Stolen

This article was written by in Credit. 15 comments.

Using cash back credit cards is rewarding in two specific ways. First, you’re earning money when you spend. That’s the obvious part. But when you know that you’re getting a rebate when you use your credit card, you also feel better about spending than you would otherwise. Feeling good can be dangerous, as you might make mistakes like spending more than you should while chasing that good feeling.

That’s why I’ve identified ten traps for using cash back credit cards. The issuers know that many people will fail to handle their credit cards properly, and the resulting profit from customers’ mistakes helps pay for those cash back rebates.

Credit card users are generally aware of these traps and can avoiding them, but sometimes other problem occur, beyond the spenders’ control. Consumerism Commentary reader SteveDH recent encountered a problem with his cash back credit card.

Here’s his story:

Burglar alarmWhen I received my last VISA statement it showed that I had redeemed $275 in Cashback awards — I hadn’t. I got in touch with my bank and also started looking at all of the web pages and we found the someone had added a “Transfer Account” from GE Capital Retail Bank in Draper Utah to the redemption page and apparently requested the redeemtion. The information that they had to enter was the ABA number and account number. That’s how I know which bank it is even though only the last four digits of the account number were there. How they got to the redeemtion page without going through my login (which my bank says wasn’t compromised) is a mystery.

Although my bank killed the credit card and promised to apply the missing money to the new VISA card, I’m stilling waiting for final resolution. I download into Quicken almost everyday but I hadn’t even thought of checking rewards balances. In fact I’m amazed I noticed it on the statement this month. Yet another example of the crooks out there — some are pretty darn creative.

This is insanity. Cash back rewards should be something consumers should be able to forget about; they should be able to trust that each purchase earns the correct cash back amount (it occasionally doesn’t) and that the cash back will be there when you retrieve it. It’s a mystery how this redemption bank account was added to the cash back rewards page without SteveDH’s account being compromised. Perhaps it was an inside job.

I confess that I rarely look at my accrued rewards balances. As I primarily use airline miles rewards cards now, I generally see my rewards only when I visit Continental’s and United’s websites. The miles I earn from spending are deposited monthly, and I’ve not yet noticed any discrepancies. Cards that earn cash back, however, can be less organized.

Since cash back information is not downloaded into Quicken or reported in other software like Mint.com, it takes extra effort to verify your cash back is accruing correctly and is available according to the rules of your agreement. Don’t forget to check once in a while. You won’t be able to prevent every problem, but you’ll be able to report it to your issuer promptly, and hopefully have the problem resolved without difficulty.

Thanks for staring the story, SteveDH. If any other readers have stories to share, please contact me.

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Cash back credit cards can help consumers practice responsible spending while earning a little extra for their efforts when used properly. It wasn’t long ago that the best cash back credit cards were offering rewards as high as 5% for all purchases, but that is unfortunately no longer the case.

Today’s cash back credit cards are all similar in nature, generally offering 1% cash back on all purchases. However, if you look hard enough, you’ll find a number of credit cards with higher cash rebates than just 1%. This article lists the best cash back credit cards you can find today, and I update the article when there is new information to share. Along with a brief description of each of these best cards, I have included the cash back percentages and any tiers or restrictions, so there are no surprises if your cash back credit card isn’t earning as much as you first thought. Keep in mind that in order to make credit card with rewards program worthwhile, you must avoid interest charges and late fees by paying your bill on time and in full every single month.

Editor’s choice

Chase Freedom® Visa - $200 Bonus Cash BackChase Freedom® Visa – $200 Bonus Cash Back. The Chase Freedom Visa – $200 Bonus Cash Back offers a standard 1% cash back on all purchases, as well as the opportunity to earn 5% cash back on select purchases throughout the year, subject to a maximum. Every three months, the categories in which you can earn 5% cash back change, so for example January through March could be gas stations and Amazon.com, April through June might be grocery stores and movie theaters, July through September could be gas stations and restaurants while October through December could be hotels, airlines, Best Buy and Kohl’s. In order to qualify for the 5% cash back, you must have an account in good standing and follow the terms and conditions set forth by Chase. Categories will be announced to cardholders before they happen, so look out for updates from Chase.

The Chase Freedom® Visa – $200 Bonus Cash Back also offers up to an additional 10% cash back (up to 11% total cash back) on purchases made at select merchants when you shop online through the Chase website. The card also carries no annual fee. To qualify for the $200 cash back, you must spend only $500 during the first three months, making it the easy choice for best cash back credit card.

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Fix the Tax System By Taxing Consumption

by Flexo
Ferrari

An elegant answer to the over-complicated tax system is to shift the basis of the system from income to spending. There have been a variety of proposals to make this happen. It’s the core of the so-called Fair Tax and Herman Cain incorporated its concept into his 9-9-9 tax plan. Other proposals have called for ... Continue reading this article…

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Frugal Employers Will Lose Their Talent

by Flexo
Paycheck

During the recession, my employer, a firm in the financial industry, eliminated raises for employees at the Vice President level and above for one year. The company, although continuing to perform well compared to its peers, cut back bonuses and other benefits. It’s easy for employers to demand higher productivity for less compensation when the ... Continue reading this article…

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How Rich Are the Presidential Candidates?

by Flexo
Mitt Romney

When politicians are campaigning, some try to reinforce the idea that they are similar to most Americans. Candidates for President of the United States try to avoid being labeled as elitist, because some sort of connection and kinship with their constituency is important for winning the favor of voters who aren’t already entrenched with a ... Continue reading this article…

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The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s Director, Richard Cordray

by Flexo
Richard Cordray

As many Presidents of the United States have done, President Obama avoided confrontation with Congress by appointing an individual to direct a government organization while lawmakers were on recess. Yesterday, the President appointed former Ohio attorney general Richard Cordray to the long-delayed position of director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). Now that this ... Continue reading this article…

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