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Put Your Finances on Cruise Control, But Stay Alert

by Flexo on November 19, 2009

in Personal Finance

My Honda Civic has an option for cruise control. Unfortunately, most of my driving currently takes place on the New Jersey Turnpike and local highways during rush hour and construction, so I rarely have an opportunity to activate this feature. In the slim occasion I find myself driving on a deserted country road, I activate the cruise control and sit back, letting the car’s computer maintain my speed. I like to imagine cruise control is an auto-pilot device, so I can relax, close my eyes, and wake upon arrival.

If you’ve ever driven with cruise control, you’ll know it is not the same as auto-pilot. You have to be vigilant and aware of your surroundings, even if you’re not keeping your foot on the accelerator pedal. I have the same concerns with the topic of automating finances.

cruise controlMaking your finances automatic is a great way to put your savings into overdrive. I take advantage of technology’s ability to automate in a number of ways:

  • My paycheck is directly deposited into my bank account every pay period.
  • Several of my bills, as many as possible, are paid automatically and in full every month with the appropriate credit card.
  • My credit cards are paid in full every month without me writing one check or clicking one button.
  • A number of savings transfers and investments are programmed to occur at the same time every month, again with no intervention.

I would like to say that these features of automation have effectively put my finances on auto-pilot. It is true that I am now free to use the time I would have otherwise spent paying bills and depositing paychecks for other, possibly more worthwhile tasks. I am hesitant to call this system an “auto-pilot,” however. Like driving, I am still in charge and my brain needs to be engaged. If I stop paying attention, the likelihood of a crash increases.

I primarily use three credit cards, two for personal use and one for business use. Despite the cards’ close proximity in my wallet, their cycles have not converged. The payments are due at different times of the month. My checking accounts are debited automatically, so I need to ensure I have enough money in the appropriate accounts at the appropriate times to avoid an overdraft fee. The automation doesn’t permit me to to “set it and forget it.”

The same is true with my bills. I mentioned I drive on the New Jersey Turnpike every day. That’s an expensive commute. I use the E-ZPass system to make the drive go quicker and receive a discount on tolls, but this kind of automation lowers my sensitivity to increasing tolls. Since I’m not stopping at the booth and handing out cash, I don’t see that money leaving my wallet. I look at my quarterly statements from E-ZPass, but with 65 weekdays of toll charges, plus some on weekends, it’s easy to let the increases stay buried in my mind.

I’ve begun to offset the toll increases by opting non-toll roads occasionally but with more traffic lights on these alternate routes, I would have to wonder whether the extra fuel expense negates the savings in tolls.

Even though my utility bills like electricity, cable and telephone, as well as my credit cards, are paid automatically each month, I am sure to review the statement or transactions. It’s tempting to let cruise control handle everything. I mentioned that it’s important to ensure money is in the accounts prior to the automated withdrawals, but more attention is necessary. Reviewing statements and transactions is necessary to catch mistakes.

Mistakes can be on the company’s part or on the consumer’s; at least once I’ve forgotten to cancel a “free for the first month” service and was rewarded with a charge on my credit card. I would have remained ignorant of the charge if I didn’t review the statements and download my transactions into Quicken. And I have also experienced a number of mistakes, such as the cable company charging me for a service they didn’t provide.

Companies are quick to encourage automation because they know a certain percentage of consumers will let “mistakes” slip. That’s a statistic I don’t want to be.

What part of your finances is tackled automatically, and are you on auto-pilot or cruise control? Have you ever encountered mistakes you would have missed if you weren’t paying attention?

Photo credit: mhalon

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Reader Question: Can You Write “See ID” Rather Than Signing Your Credit Card?

by Flexo on November 11, 2009

in Credit

I can’t remember the last time I’ve signed the back of a credit card, and I use my credit cards (one for personal travel and big expenses, one for all other personal expenses, and one for business expenses) almost every day. It has never caused me any problems with cashiers; at the most, I might get a dirty look or I might have to show my license, but almost always the cards are accepted without much thought.

A lot of retailers have terminals where customers can swipe their own card, so many cashiers don’t even get the chance to check for a signature on the back. Even those who ask to see the card take no more than a quick look at the back. Most do nothing but punch in the last four digits into their point-of-sale computer and hand the card back.

It’s fairly common to write “See ID” or “Ask for ID” in the signature block on the back of credit cards but not every retailer reacts the same way when encountering this request. Here is a question I received from a Consumerism Commentary reader, Ryan:

I was recently told by a retailer that they would not accept my debit/credit card because I had not signed the back and wrote “SEE ID” instead. I was told the card was not valid and I was required to sign it in order to use it. I have done this same practice for over twelve years and have never been asked about it before now.

I was told they were cracking down… So the sale was denied and the charges reversed. First, is a signature truly required? If so, how can online and “swipe-less” transactions with my card be legal?

If you ask Visa or MasterCard, the policy is clear. For all in-person transactions, a signature on the card is necessary. If a signature is not on the card, retailers are instructed to require the customer to sign the card and provide identification.

Here is the related section of the Rules for Visa Merchants:

The final step in the card acceptance process is to ensure that the customer signs the sales receipt and to compare that signature with the signature on the back of the card… While checking card security features, you should also make sure that the card is signed. An unsigned card is considered invalid and should not be accepted. If a customer gives you an unsigned card, the following steps must be taken:

  • Check the cardholder’s ID. Ask the cardholder for some form of official government identification, such as a driver’s license or passport. Where permissible by law, the ID serial number and expiration date should be written on the sales receipt before you complete the transaction.
  • Ask the customer to sign the card. The card should be signed within your full view, and the signature checked against the customer’s signature on the ID. A refusal to sign means the card is still invalid and cannot be accepted.
  • Ask the customer for another signed Visa card.
  • Compare the signature on the card to the signature on the ID.

If the cardholder refuses to sign the card, and you accept it, you may end up with financial liability for the transaction should the cardholder later dispute the charge.

Some customers write “See ID” or “Ask for ID” in the signature panel, thinking that this is a deterrent against fraud or forgery; that is, if their signature is not on the card, a fraudster will not be able to forge it. In reality, criminals don’t take the time to practice signatures: they use cards as quickly as possible after a theft and prior to the accounts being blocked. They are actually counting on you not to look at the back of the card and compare signatures — they may even have access to counterfeit identification with a signature in their own handwriting.

“See ID” or “Ask for ID” is not a valid substitute for a signature. The customer must sign the card in your presence, as stated above.

MasterCard’s rules are similar, and most agreements between merchants and third-party payment processors reflect these rules.

You might think that would be the end of the story, but in reality these rules are almost never followed. The banks that offer credit cards on Visa’s network or MasterCard’s network, like Citi and Bank of America, may not even be fully aware of the signature requirement. I called Citi to speak to a customer service representative to try to gauge the bank’s preference. The person I spoke with seemed unfamiliar with MasterCard’s rule. She mentioned that it’s quite common for customers to write “See ID” on the back of the card and for those cards to be accepted. The representative understands most retailers will ask for identification and complete the transaction without requiring a signature.

According to the customer service representative the retailer has the authority to decline a transaction if the signature is missing even though most retailers don’t. Although Visa and MasterCard would like to require a signature, most retailers are willing to bend the rules to make the sale and remain customer-friendly.

Ryan also asked about online or “swipe-less” transactions. It certainly is legal to use credit cards for online or telephone-based purchases. In these cases, the “card-not-present” situations in which retailers can’t view the signature on the card, retailers are supposed to implement more security features such as the following:

  • Pre-authorize the transaction
  • Ask for the card’s expiration date
  • Ask for the card verification code (CVV2 or CVC2), the three digit code on the back of the card, or the four digit code on the front of American Express cards
  • Verify the card holder’s address (AVS)

It is up to a retailer how secure they want to make the transaction process. Making the process easier for customers, by not verifying address or not asking for a CVV2 code for example, also invites more fraud. Fraud results in chargebacks to the merchant, and merchants really do not enjoy dealing with chargebacks. (This is what happens when you call your credit card to dispute a charge you may or may not have made.)

You are at the mercy of the retailer or cashier when it comes to acceptance of credit cards. If a cashier won’t accept your card without a signature, you could try asking for the manager but don’t be surprised when a retailer won’t complete the sale without a signature. Not many are this strict, but those who do require the signature are sticking to Visa’s and MasterCard’s rules.

Readers: Do you sign the back of your credit and debit cards, leave them blank, or write “See ID?” Have you encountered any push-back from cashiers?

Photo credit: Ciaran McGuiggan
Rules for Visa Merchants, November 10, 2009

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House Approves Expediting Credit CARD Act

by Smithee on November 10, 2009

in Credit

We reported just a few days ago on the passage of a measure in the House of Representatives to expedite the Credit Card reforms passed earlier this year.

Unfortunately, I left out some of the story, as I’m still figuring out the intricacies of how laws are made, and there were some amendments made to the bill before it passed. In addition to pushing up the enactment date to December 1, 2009 and the other changes we reported, the House version would also:

  • ensure that changes to a credit card agreement that reduce a customer’s interest rate or other fees can be implemented immediately, instead of being subject to the 45-day waiting period required under the CARD Act of 2009 — in other words, the bad things require a delay, the good things do not
  • dictate that any card issuer that imposes a moratorium on increases in rates, fees and terms and conditions of a contract would be exempt from the accelerated date for the provision requiring an issuer to apply a customer’s payment in excess of the minimum amount due, to the highest rate balance — the Credit CARD Act of 2009 fixes the industry abuse of extending a balance by applying payments insincerely. If banks play along and start a moratorium, they can have until Feb. 22 to fix the balance-payment problem.
  • prevent the closure of a credit card account in response to the imposition of a new fee from negatively impacting a consumer’s credit report or credit score

As before, the Senate version includes no additional measures, only moves up the date to Dec. 1. There’s a general sense in the news media that the Senate version would have trouble passing (sound familiar?), but I’m not sure where the pessimism comes from, as the original Credit CARD Act passed with 90% in the Senate.

Here’s the govtrack page to track the Senate version.

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Expedited CARD Reform for Consumers Act of 2009

by Smithee on November 6, 2009

in Credit

After the Credit CARD Act of 2009 was signed into law, we saw how credit card issuers started making life tougher for their customers. In short, banks were levying fees on their customers indiscriminately, affecting both the good and the bad.

This has been going on for months. Lawmakers have publicly condemned it, and made requests to the federal reserve, but all to no avail. This week, however, an amendment to expedite the Credit CARD Act (giving it an effective date of December 1st) has passed the House of Representatives in a better-than-average bipartisan manner (only 53% of Republicans opposed it), and I’m hopeful for all of our sakes that a similar measure quickly passes in the Senate.

I read through the words in both versions, and found a few differences, which might make it take longer to work through Congress:

In the House

The House version (full text) makes an exception for depository institutions (banks) with fewer than two million credit cards in circulation. It also comes with various clarifications to make sure that the new law doesn’t apply to banks and creditors who haven’t punished their customers (many of whom continued to pay on time and remain in good standing) in advance of the new law.

It also includes new features starting at Section 6 which state that:

  • if you receive notice of a new fee, and you pay off your balance in full, or cancel your account, that won’t negatively impact your credit score
  • there will be a nine-month moratorium on rate increases with a start date of the enactment of the Credit CARD Act of 2009

If these amendments pass, the moratorium would start December 1, 2009, instead of nine months after the law was passed, on about February 22, 2010.

In the Senate

The Senate version (full text) includes no additional clarifications or amendments, only a date change to December 1.

Flexo and I don’t agree on everything (if everybody did, life sure would be boring), but we agree that Congress should pass each idea into law based on its own merits, and not bundle them together into a jumbled mess of unrelated ideas. In this case, if you want to expedite a law, then document the new date and move on. Now’s probably not the time to be adding new regulations.

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Bank of America Adding Annual Fees to Credit Cards

by Flexo on October 14, 2009

in Credit

With the current and upcoming changes in the credit card industry due to the Credit CARD Act and other regulations put in place by the Federal Reserve, banks and credit issuers are maneuvering as much as possible to be in a good position to continue making money off their customers. Public corporations have responsibility to their shareholders to protect their bottom line, and with the threat of reduced profits due to new regulations you can be sure these companies will try anything within the realm of possibility to survive.

Bank of America has announced some anticipated changes to their credit cards that shows what the future might look like: more credit cards will carry annual fees. These new fees, according to the bank, will range from $29 to $99. And unlike most fee-bearing credit cards, the customers receiving these charges may not have cards that offer premium services like a concierge or extensive rewards.

One of the criteria Bank of America will use to determine which customers are lucky enough to receive the fee is “profitability;” in other words, those of us who don’t send the bank extra in the forms of interest payments and late fees or those who use their credit card infrequently — the responsible users of credit — are likely to be assessed the fee. Bank of America could easily determine which customers are not profitable for the company and charge this annual fee to make them profitable.

For now, there are many fee-free credit card choices for responsible users. The climate might change soon, however. Even the most diligent credit card users, those who manage to use cash back rewards and other benefits while paying off their balance in full every month, might find that the new environment will point to a cash-only spending plan for the best deal.

BofA to charge annual fees on some credit cards, Candice Choi, The Seattle Times, October 13, 2009

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One Person’s Successful Debtor’s Revolt

by Smithee on September 22, 2009

in Credit

Frequent readers know all about how a depressed economy and new laws are serving as convenient excuses for banks to be raising interest rates and otherwise penalizing clients, even those who pose no risk.

Ann Minch was presented with multiple notices of an interest rate hike. Even though she says she’s never missed a payment, she ended up with a 30% interest rate on her Bank of America credit card. She decided she’d had enough and started a protest in a simple YouTube video. YouTube videos are increasingly proving to be a successful way of getting the attention of a corporate behemoth that has wronged you. And it worked for Ann Minch.

Bank of America responded to her revolt, and because she was armed with knowledge and the right attitude, they finally agreed to set her interest rate back to its previous 12.99%. Many of our readers have found in similar situations that persisting with customer service, asking for as many supervisors as you have to, is often successful as well.

Ann explains in the video that she’s starting a new Web site to make the Debtor’s Revolt larger and more effective.

Interestingly, she also hints at a plan to avoid some tax increases, but isn’t very specific. I’d be curious to know what she’s referring to. Assuming she’s talking about federal taxes, I don’t know of any current proposals to raise taxes. In fact the current administration has lowered taxes for 98.6% of working households. The Bush tax cuts are meant to expire next year, but I’m not sure to what extent that will affect most people. Hopefully she’ll be more specific about that in the future.

In the meantime, congratulations, Ann!

Ann Minch Triumphs In Credit Card Fight, Arthur Delaney, Huffington Post, Sep. 21, 2009

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Visa Signature Concierge: Useless for Immediate Travel

by Flexo on September 7, 2009

in Reviews, Travel

As I’ve mentioned recently, my maternal grandmother passed away a few days ago, my second of two grandmothers to pass away in the past few weeks. A few years ago, she moved out to California to be cared for by my mother and brother who had also moved out to the west coast several years earlier. When my grandmother entered hospice care, I mentioned to my boss that I would be taking a few days off for the funeral with short notice, as I intended to travel to California to be with my family. On Tuesday last week, my mother called me to share the news while I was getting ready to leave work for the day.

I immediately began searching for a round-trip flight that would take me from the New York City or Philadelphia area to the Los Angeles area on Wednesday and back over the weekend. My primary tool for searching for flights online is SideStep, but I also look at websites for individual airlines. Not finding anything and wanting to leave the office to continue searching at home, I notified my boss that I would be out for the remainder of the week.

I decided to give the Visa Signature concierge service a try. I signed up for a Visa Signature card earlier this year for the purpose of putting its service through real-life tests and writing about them here. There is no annual fee, but the card is marketed offering exclusive perks and services, such as a 24-hour concierge and access to exclusive events. I called the Visa Signature concierge during the drive home with the intent of using the service to find and book my flight to California.

FlightThe concierge who answered the phone could not have been less helpful. To research flights, a travel specialist needs to be on call, and at the time I called, they had none. The best they could do is take my flight requirements and get back to me within 24 to 48 hours, and the impression I took away from the call is that all travel requests require this excessive turnaround time. Since this was Tuesday evening and I needed to travel Wednesday, this did not meet my needs. A regular travel agent would have been able to take care of my request immediately.

I thanked the representative for her help but I spent an hour or so doing my own research and booking the flight when I arrived home. I determined that bereavement fares, last-minute rates designed for people who need to fly in situations like mine, do no longer exist at most airlines. When they do, the rate is a five or ten percent discount off the full coach fare, not the non-refundable economy fare. I would be better off with the economy rate. I spent more than I would have liked, but the fare I chose was decent for a non-stop flight considering the circumstances.

I’m pleased I was able to be with my family in a difficult time, but I would have liked the process to be smoother, and the concierge service let me down.

Photo: Doug Letterman

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Discover Card Overhauls Their Credit Card Terms

by Flexo on August 24, 2009

in Credit

Now that regulations established by the Credit CARD Act and related rules by the Federal Reserve have begun to take effect, I’ve started receiving notices from card issuers regarding my accounts. My Discover Miles Card was opened in 2005 to attempt a 0% balance transfer, a way to earn interest on someone else’s money for free, but the move failed when MBNA denied the transfer and has gone almost completely unused since that event.

Nevertheless, Discover continues sending notifications of terms changes, balance transfer checks, and new cards requiring activation, all to encourage me to use their service. I received one from Discover today, even though I haven’t used my Discover Miles Card in several years.

Here is the summary of the changes.

  • Discover will no longer increase the interest rate on existing balances if I pay late or exceed my credit limit, but the interest rate on new purchases may increase to a Default Rate if I miss a payment.
  • The card is moving from a “fixed” interest rate to a higher variable rate for purchases: the Prime Rate + 9.74%.
  • The same is true for cash advances. The new variable rate for these transactions is Prime rate + 20.74%. (Yikes!)
  • The credit card company is using the grace period differently. They will not use new purchases to calculate the amount of interest due as long as I pay my credit card bills on time.

The notification included four pages on fine print, but none of these changes will affect me personally unless I need to use this credit card. I expect my other credit card issuers will send similar notifications soon, but even the new regulations for the cards I use will not affect me much because I charge only what I can pay off by the time the bill is due and pay off my entire balance at that point.

There is always a possibility that I experience a severe emergency for which I have insufficient cash. If for some reason I do need to carry a balance from one month to the next, I would prefer to fully understand the many ways in which I will be punished by the credit card industry.

The improvement of the grace period and the elimination of double-cycle billing are two aspects of the new credit card regulations that benefit consumers. Some of these changes, such as the elimination of double-cycle billing, won’t go into effect until February 2010.

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